{"id":2535,"date":"2023-01-26T11:16:43","date_gmt":"2023-01-26T10:16:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.maremma.it\/blog\/?p=2535\/"},"modified":"2023-01-26T11:16:43","modified_gmt":"2023-01-26T10:16:43","slug":"burano-lake-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.maremma.it\/blog\/en\/burano-lake-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Burano Lake"},"content":{"rendered":"

Lake Burano is a coastal brackish lagoon<\/strong> at the southern end of the Grosseto Maremma, in the municipality of Capalbio<\/strong>. It covers about 236 hectares and has an average depth of one meter. It is separated from the Tyrrhenian Sea by a narrow strip of dunes, which constitutes one of the best preserved coastal stretches in the region from a naturalistic point of view.<\/p>\n

Environmental protection <\/strong><\/em><\/span>
\nThe lake and the surrounding area are included in the Lake Burano Nature Reserve<\/strong>, a state reserve established in 1980 and entrusted to the WWF which established the Burano Lake Oasis there.<\/p>\n

The reserve, in turn, is included in the wetland area of international importance “Lago di Burano” established in 1977 and which extends for 410 hectares.<\/p>\n

In 1995 part of the lake area was declared a site of community interest, in 2016 it became a special conservation area. In 1998, the special protection area “Lago di Burano” was also established for an area of 489 hectares.<\/p>\n

The area of the lake and the coastal dune are also part of the much larger Important Bird and Biodiversity Area IBA193 “Argentario, Orbetello Lagoon and Lake Burano”.<\/p>\n

SIR “Duna of Lake Burano”<\/strong><\/em><\/span>
\nThe site of regional interest “Duna del Lago di Burano” is almost entirely included in the State Nature Reserve and almost entirely included in the wetland of international importance, pursuant to the Ramsar Convention, “Lago di Burano”.<\/p>\n

The main internal critical elements<\/strong> of the site are:
\n\u2022load of beach tourism rather high<\/em> during the summer season.;
\n\u2022risk of coastal erosion<\/em> (currently the coastline is advancing);
\n\u2022for nesting birds<\/em>, a cause of threat<\/em> is represented by dogs left free<\/em>, during the nesting period.<\/p>\n

The main external critical elements<\/strong> to the site are:
\n\u2022presence of important tourist centers near the site;
\n\u2022strong anthropization of the sandy coasts, with growing rarefaction and fragmentation of the residual areas with vegetation and fauna in a good state of conservation, with consequent risk of extinction for small isolated populations;
\n\u2022linear transport infrastructures towards the hinterland (road and railway axes).<\/p>\n

The main conservation objectives<\/strong> to be adopted are:
\n\u2022protection of the integrity of the dune ecosystem (EE);
\n\u2022maintenance of the load of seaside tourism at relatively low levels and reduction of the main impacts deriving from it (E);
\n\u2022reduction of fragmentation\/isolation phenomena (E). d) Protection of the integrity of the plant formations characteristic of the dune system and behind the dunes (E).<\/p>\n

Indications for conservation measures<\/strong>:
\n\u2022Maintenance of the site’s high levels of naturalness, in particular avoiding the creation of new accesses (EE).
\n\u2022Protection\/renaturalization of stretches of sandy coast outside the site, in order to reduce isolation\/fragmentation phenomena (E).
\n\u2022 Strengthening of actions aimed at reducing the impact of seaside tourism, largely already implemented by the WWF (installation of educational-information panels, indications of preferential access routes, fences to protect dune sectors under erosion, shuttle service) (M) .
\n\u2022Carrying out surveillance activities during the most sensitive periods, especially on spring holidays, to avoid the presence of dogs not kept on a leash (M).
\n\u2022Limitation of any beach cleaning interventions, with manual removal of non-vegetable materials only (M).<\/p>\n

In April 2012, the recognition of Italian Wonder was conferred on the oasis of Lake Burano.<\/p>\n

Geomorphology<\/strong><\/span>
\nAs regards the SIR “Duna del Lago di Burano”, the prevailing environmental typology is given by coastal dunes with Mediterranean scrub and beach vegetation<\/strong>. Rare example of a highly natural dune environment characterized by perticaie of Juniperus<\/em> sp. Pl.<\/p>\n

Fauna<\/strong><\/span>
\nAmong the many species of aquatic birds that are sedentary, or that stop in the lake for a short time, during the migrations, we remember the pink flamingo, the cormorants, the herons, the coot, the tufted duck, the pochard, the mallard and the shoveler (symbol of the WWF Oasis), the water rail and the kingfisher. Among the birds of prey, there are marsh harriers and ospreys.<\/p>\n

Dune of Lake Burano<\/strong><\/span>
\nAmong the most interesting nesting bird species are Charadrius alexandrinus, Calandrella brachydactyla.<\/em><\/p>\n

Of note among the amphibians<\/strong> Bombina pachypus, endemic species of peninsular Italy and Triturus carnifex.<\/p>\n

Among the invertebrates<\/strong> is the Lepidoptera Euplagia quadripunctaria.<\/p>\n

The dune is also frequented by mammals<\/strong> such as porcupines, foxes and wild boars, which are difficult to spot but whose footprints in the sand are easy to spot.<\/p>\n

Among the reptiles<\/strong>: Herman’s tortoise (Testudo hermanni) and the cervone (Elaphe quatuorlineata).<\/p>\n

Flora<\/strong><\/span>
\nThe vegetation of the dune consists both of trees<\/strong> such as holm oak and cork oak, and of bushy plants<\/strong> such as prickly juniper, Phoenician juniper and myrtle, with the presence of sarsaparilla< \/strong> (called “stracciabrache” in the local dialect, for easily understandable reasons) and asparagus<\/strong>. The important pioneer vegetation of the beach enjoys adequate protection, given that the cleaning operations<\/strong> are carried out without the use of mechanical means and leaving the stranded organic material<\/strong> (essential also for the survival of numerous species of beetles and other invertebrates).<\/p>\n

For the phytocenensis, crucianelleti of the Burano dunes are worth mentioning. Juniperus macrocarpa juniper groves in the Burano dunes. Floristic populations typical of dune and back-dune habitats.<\/p>\n

Tower of Buranaccio<\/strong>
\nThe current fortification was built around the middle of the sixteenth century, in the place where a pre-existing structure from the Middle Ages probably stood.<\/p>\n

The tower was the southernmost defensive outpost<\/strong> of the State of the Garrisons and was located right on the border with the Grand Duchy of Tuscany and the State of the Church.<\/p>\n

In the following centuries the fortification underwent some restructuring interventions which, however, kept the original appearance almost intact.<\/p>\n

Buranaccio’s tower recalls thestylistic elements of the more imposing Spanish fortress of Porto Santo Stefano.<\/strong><\/p>\n

The coastal defensive structure is divided into three levels, presenting a square section that rests on a mighty scarp base, with which it is placed in contiguity through a cordon; the walls are mainly covered in stone.
\nThe tower cannot be visited because it is privately owned.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Lake Burano is a coastal brackish lagoon at the southern end of the Grosseto Maremma, in the municipality of Capalbio. It covers about 236 hectares and has an average depth of one meter. It is separated from the Tyrrhenian Sea by a narrow strip of dunes, which constitutes one of the best preserved coastal stretches […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2909,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[290,291],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2535","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-maremma-en","category-nature"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.maremma.it\/blog\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2535"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.maremma.it\/blog\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.maremma.it\/blog\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.maremma.it\/blog\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.maremma.it\/blog\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2535"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.maremma.it\/blog\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2535\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2539,"href":"https:\/\/www.maremma.it\/blog\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2535\/revisions\/2539"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.maremma.it\/blog\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2909"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.maremma.it\/blog\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2535"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.maremma.it\/blog\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2535"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.maremma.it\/blog\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2535"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}